All you need to know about high blood pressure

All you need to know about high blood pressure

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels, during which it travels to supply all tissues and organs of the body with food, oxygen, water, and enzymes in what is known as blood circulation. The blood circulation begins with the constriction of the heart muscle to force all its contents from the blood, moving in turn from the heart to the aorta, the largest arteries of the human body and from it to the rest of the arteries, then the heart extends to allow it to fill with a new amount of oxygen-filled blood, to contract again, pushing a new charge to the aorta Once again, and so forth. Medical statistics show the great importance of maintaining blood pressure so that it is on average 115/75 mm Hg, and that increasing it to this extent leads to stress on the heart and kidneys, and its rise may lead to stroke or early infertility in men.

The aorta is characterized by flexibility. When the blood coming from the heart rushes, strong pressure occurs on the walls of the artery, causing it to expand laterally. During cardiac diastole, the artery regains its normal position and presses on the blood it contains, causing it to rush into the rest of the arteries. Thus, blood continues to flow into the arteries during diastole To all members.

Blood pressure during heart contract is called systolic pressure, and in the case of diastole, it is called Diastolic Pressure, and systolic pressure is always higher in value than diastolic pressure. When measuring blood pressure, the reading is written as a fracture, for example 120/80 where the value of systolic pressure is The upper and the diastolic value are the lower. Most blood pressure devices also record the heart rate, that is, the heart rate per minute.

Blood pressure measurement

Blood pressure is measured by itself, called a millimeter of mercury. In the case of relaxation (that is, a person is still resting), we find that the normal measurement of systolic blood pressure for an average adult life ranges between 90 and 120 millimeters of mercury, and diastolic ranges between 60 and 80 mmHg. That is, the average is 120 mm systolic mercury and 80 mm diastolic mercury, and reads 120/80 mm Hg, in what the public calls 120 over 80 or 120 x 80 mm Hg. To measure blood pressure, the electronic device is used in the home or the manual device in the doctor's office. It is known as the most accurate mercury pressure monitor.

The importance of monitoring blood pressure

The importance of follow-up lies in avoiding complications resulting from any defect, whether by increasing or decreasing the blood pressure measurement, as when it rises, this means that the heart is facing great resistance to pumping blood into the arteries of the body, which causes long-term heart failure, which in turn may lead to death . Also, high blood pressure may also lead to stroke or kidney failure, if the disease is not corrected at its beginning with appropriate medical drugs.

The drop in blood pressure suggests that the amount of blood reaching the body’s organs does not reach enough or fast enough, which means a decrease in the oxygen and food’s access to the body’s tissues, which harms them, causing partial or total destruction, especially the brain, which is the first organ affected by the lack of oxygen, so the human person feels Dizziness or bouts of fatigue and general weakness, followed by loss of consciousness of the individual. In general, low blood pressure is considered "satisfactory" if it has symptoms such as dizziness and persistent general weakness.

Hypertension

A condition where blood pressure exceeds normal values ​​is defined as high pressure - some are called hypertension - but if this rise is within the limits of normal values, i.e. it does not exceed 140 mmHg, it is known as high natural; however, this condition requires attention because it may indicate that this A person is exposed to high blood pressure in his next years.

High blood pressure mechanism

Blood pressure rises when the heart pumps blood more strongly or when thin arteries (arteries) narrow, causing increased resistance to the artery in them. In order to understand how narrowing arterioles can affect blood pressure, imagine that you are pressing a toothpaste tube. If the tube opening is normal, it will be sufficient to apply normal pressure on the tube until the paste comes out easily and in a large amount, but if the tube opening is accurate in The size of the needle hole, you will have to press the tube more forcefully until the putty comes out of the tube.

And high blood pressure can be a natural response from the body when there is an increased need for blood and its nutrients. When exercising, exercising, with running, exercising, or carrying loads, the heart rate increases and your heart contracts more strongly, and when you do exercise At its height, the blood pressure has reached its highest levels, and it will decrease again to the normal level after the end of these efforts.

It is worth noting that the brain senses blood pressure on an ongoing basis and when your brain determines that your body needs to raise or lower blood pressure, it sends messages through the nerves of the autonomic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system, and these messages instruct the muscles in the arterial walls to either contract or relax, as Order the heart to either slow it down or speed up, and there are several hormones aldosterone also affect blood pressure by affecting the amount of blood in the body and resistance shown by arteries.

The normal blood pressure rises and falls during the day with the change in the level of tension or physical stress, and for this reason doctors generally find that they take several readings of blood pressure and calculate the average reading from them to obtain the average blood pressure.

Drugs

The most common drugs that raise blood pressure are birth control pills, estrogen, thyroid hormone pills, adrenal corticosteroids, amphetamine, cocaine, drops, or an anti-nasal decongestant spray, and caffeine and alcohol in large quantities can raise blood pressure.

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