Diagnosing the symptoms and treatment of low blood pressure

Diagnosing the symptoms and treatment of low blood pressure

First, the syndromes

Orthostatic hypotension, also called postural hypotension, is a common form of hypotension. This occurs after a change in body position, usually when a person is standing after being either sitting or lying down. It is usually transient and represents a delay in the normal compensatory power of the autonomic nervous system. We usually find it when the blood volume is decreased or as a result of different medicines. In addition to medications to lower blood pressure, many psychiatric medications, especially antidepressants, can cause this side effect. A simple measurement of blood pressure and heart rate while lying down, sitting and standing (with a delay of two minutes between each position change) can confirm the presence of orthostatic hypotension. An orthostatic hypotension is confirmed if there is a decrease in 20 mmHg of systolic pressure (a decrease of 10 mmHg in diastolic pressure in some facilities) and an increase of 20 beats per minute in the heart rate.

Cardiac nervous syncope is a form of autonomic dysfunction characterized by an inappropriate drop in blood pressure while standing upright. Cardiac nervous syncope is associated with vasovagal syncope in that both occur as a result of increased activity of the vagus nerve, the mainstay of the sympathetic nervous system.

Another form, but rarely, is low blood pressure after eating, which is a sharp drop in blood pressure that occurs after 30-75 minutes of eating large meals and when a large amount of blood is pumped into the intestine (a type of "visceral blood pool") to facilitate digestion. Absorption, cardiac production and peripheral vasoconstriction must be maintained to maintain sufficient blood pressure to irrigate vital organs, such as the brain. It is believed that the drop in blood pressure after eating is due to the lack of proper control of the autonomic nervous system, due to aging or a specific disorder.

Low blood pressure is a feature of Flamer syndrome, which is characterized by cold hands and feet, and subject to normal stress and blue water.

Pathophysiology

Blood pressure is continuously regulated by the autonomic nervous system, using a complex network of receptors, nerves, and hormones to balance the effects of the sympathetic nervous system that tend to raise blood pressure, and the sympathetic parasympathetic nervous system that tends to lower blood pressure. The compensatory capabilities of the autonomic nervous system are wide and fast and allow individuals to maintain normal blood pressure in a wide range of activities and many conditions.

Diagnosis

For most adults a healthy blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg or less. A small drop in blood pressure, and even less than 20 mm Hg, can result in transient hypotension.

Cardiac neuronal syncope is evaluated with the slope test.

treatment

Treatment of hypotension depends on the cause. Chronic hypotension is generally found as a symptom of another disease and is rarely considered a disease in itself. Asymptomatic hypotension in healthy people usually requires no treatment. Electrolytes can be added to the diet to relieve symptoms of mild hypotension. Also, a morning dose of caffeine can also be effective. In mild cases when the patient is still responding, the person is placed in the position of dorsal lying down (lying on his back) and raising the legs up and this leads to an increase in venous return, so that blood is made more available to sensitive organs such as the chest and head. Trend mode, although used historically, is no longer recommended.

Treating shock blood pressure always follows the first four steps. The results, in terms of mortality, are directly related to the speed with which the low blood pressure is corrected. There are methods still under discussion that are in parentheses criteria for assessing progress and correcting hypotension. A study on septic shock presented helps document these general principles. However, it does not apply to all forms of acute hypotension because it focuses on hypotension due to infection:

Resuscitation volume (usually with crystalloid)

Support for blood pressure through vasoconstrictors (all seem equal)

Ensure good tissue perfusion (maintain oxygen volume over 70 using blood transfusion or dobutamine)

Writing and treating the main problem (i.e. an antibiotic for infection, stents or coronary artery transformation (coronary artery surgery), infarction, stimulants for adrenal insufficiency, etc ...)

Some of the medium-term (and less proven) treatments for low blood pressure include:

Blood sugar control (80-150 one study)

Early feeding (orally or via a tube to prevent ileus "i.e. bowel obstruction")

Steroid support

When sharing this topic or quote, please list the source and link of the page, and thank you for your cooperation

• More related topics
• Web sites useful and very important
• Get your free job online, if you have experience and talent
• Get the service you want at the cheapest price, service exchange platform
• Real profit from internet, work and commission
• Are you looking for commodities, gifts, perfumes, electronics, health and beauty products.
• T-shirts, colors and sizes suitable, designs and drawings, the finest fabrics
• Occasion discounts and offers, catalog of goods and products
• If you care about your health and fight aging, if you want fitness and strength, do you want recipes cooking and candy work, do you like pets and birds, are you looking for small profitable projects, do you like tourism and travel, are you a sales promoter, do you care about fashion, improve Self and home, books and useful applications - and more here 
• Home and other languages
• More and other topics