Information about the impact of the lungs on infectious diseases

Information about the impact of the lungs on infectious diseases

Lungs can be affected in many diseases. Lung medicine represents the medical specialty in which a doctor deals with diseases that affect the respiratory tract, and cardiothoracic surgery is the surgical field that deals with lung surgery.

Bronchitis is called bronchitis, bronchiolitis, bronchiolitis, and if it occurs in the pleura, it is called Puison. Pleurisy. Inflammation is usually caused by an infection with germs or viruses. When the pulmonary tissue develops an infection for other reasons, the condition is called Pneumonitis. Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of bacterial pneumonia. Chronic infection usually occurs in those with immune deficiency and may include fungal infection with Aspergillus millet that leads to Aspergillus disease in the lung.

Lung infarction due to pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary embolism is a condition in which a blood clot is deposited in the pulmonary arteries. Most embolism arises from deep vein thrombosis in the feet. Pulmonary embolism may be achieved using a ventilation / perfusion examination, computerized tomography of the arteries of the lungs, or blood tests. While the term pulmonary hypertension describes the increased pressure at the beginning of the pulmonary artery, this condition has many causes. There are other conditions that affect blood flow in the lungs, for example, granulomas and ligaments, a condition that causes inflammation in the small blood vessels of the lungs and kidneys.

Pulmonary trauma is a bruise that occurs due to the chest trauma. The trauma leads to bleeding from the alveoli, which will lead to it being filled with fluids and thus obstructing respiration. The function of the lungs may also be affected by the compression of fluids in the event of effusion of the pleural fluid in the pleural cavity, or other substances such as air in the case of pneumothorax, blood in the case of a bloody chest, or for other rare reasons. Investigations are used as chest x-ray or computerized tomography, or the condition may require surgical drainage to be inserted until the cause is identified and treated.

Asthma, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are all obstructive pulmonary diseases that appear to be blocked in airways, which limits the amount of air able to enter the alveoli due to the narrowing of the bronchial tree due to inflammation. Obstructive lung disease is recognized due to its symptoms and functional lung tests are diagnosed as a breathing measurement. In many severe respiratory diseases, it is managed by avoiding stimuli (such as smoking and dust mites) and controlling symptoms such as the use of bronchodilators and suppressing inflammation (such as the use of corticosteroids) in severe cases. A common cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema is smoking, and common causes of bronchiectasis include severe infection and cystic fibrosis. The final cause of asthma is not yet known.

Some types of chronic lung disease are classified as restricted lung diseases due to the restriction of the amount of pulmonary tissue that is involved in the breathing process. These diseases include pulmonary fibrosis that can occur in a long-running lung inflammation. Fibrosis replaces functional pulmonary tissue with fibrous connective tissue, and this may be due to many occupational diseases such as mouth disease, autoimmune diseases or in more rare cases it may be due to a pharmacological effect.

Lung cancer can either arise directly from lung tissue or as a result of metastasis from another part of the body. There are two main types of primary tumor, either small-cell or non-small-cell. Smoking is the main risk factor for lung cancer. When a cancer is identified, it is evaluated using computerized tomography and biopsy (tissue sample). Cancer may be treated by surgical removal of the tumor, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, or it may include several methods from the preceding, or it may be limited to controlling symptoms. It is worth noting that the lung cancer screening is recommended in the United States for people with a high risk of infection.

Congenital disorders include cystic fibrosis and pulmonary hypoplasia (incomplete development of the lungs) congenital diaphragmatic hernia and respiratory distress syndrome in infants due to a deficiency of the pulmonary surface factor (pulmonary sorvactant). The case of a single lobe (at the apex of the lung) represents an anatomical morphological variation, although it may not be associated with effects, but it does cause problems during thoracoscopy procedures.

Pneumothorax (collapsed lung) is an abnormal accumulation of air in the pleural cavity. This condition causes the lung to not be bound to the chest wall. Consequently, the lung cannot expand due to air pressure in the pleural cavity. As a simplified example of understanding trauma pneumothorax, as air enters the pleural cavity from outside the body, as happens in the case of perforating the chest wall. Likewise, a diver who ascends as he holds his breath has completely enlarged lungs, their pulmonary alveoli can explode and high-pressure air leaks into the pleural cavity leading to a resting state.

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