The lungs in the human body are truly an invitation to meditation

The lungs in the human body are truly an invitation to meditation

The lungs are the main organs of the human respiratory system and many other animals, including some fish and some snails. In mammals and most vertebrates, the lungs are located near the spine on each side of the heart. The function of the lungs is to capture oxygen from the atmosphere, transport it inside it to the bloodstream, and release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process called gaseous exchange. The breathing process is carried out by different muscular systems in different species, where mammals, reptiles and birds use their different muscles to support breathing, but in the quadruples of the first extremities, air in the lungs is driven by the pharyngeal muscles via the buccal pump, a mechanism that still works in amphibians. In humans, the main breathing muscle that drives the breathing process is the diaphragm. In addition to the respiratory function, the lungs support the airflow, which vibrates the vocal cords, making speech possible in humans.

Humans have left and right lungs, and both lungs are located inside the chest cavity. It is mentioned that the right lung is larger than the left, because the left side shares its area with the heart. The lungs together weigh approximately 1.3 kg, and the right lung is usually heavier. The lungs are part of the lower respiratory tract, which begins with the trachea which later branches into the bronchi and bronchioles, and the bronchioles receive the inhaled air through the conductive region of the respiratory tract, where the conductive region ends from the respiratory tract to the terminal bronchioles, then the bronchioles divide, then the bronchioles divide, then the bronchioles divide. Here, the respiratory region begins. The respiratory bronchioles are later divided into alveolar ducts, which subsequently give microscopic alveoli, where gas exchange occurs. The lungs together contain approximately 2,400 km of respiratory tract and 300 to 50. 0 million alveoli. Each lung is located in a pleural cyst. The cyst contains a fluid that allows internal and external walls to slide while breathing occurs, relieving much friction. Each sac divides each lung into sections called lobes. The right lung has three lobes, while the left lobe has only two lobes. The lobes are also divided into bronchopulmonary segments and lobules. The lung has a unique blood supply, as it receives non-oxygenated blood (low oxygen or poor in oxygen) from the heart through the pulmonary circulation for the purpose of oxygenating it and releasing carbon dioxide, in addition to the previous perfusion, the tissue of the lungs receives oxygenated blood (rich in oxygen) separate from the previous through Bronchial circulation.

Lung tissue can be affected by many diseases, such as pneumonia and lung cancer. It is reported that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease includes chronic bronchitis (formerly called emphysema that may be associated with smoking or exposure to harmful substances such as coal dust, asbestos fibers or crystalline silica dust, it is reported that diseases such as bronchitis can usually affect the pathogenesis. Previously linked to lung -pulmo from the word as in the word pulmonology in English which means lung medicine, or the previous pneumo

In embryonic development, the lungs begin to develop as a cyst that emanates from the anterior intestine, which is a tube that forms from the top of the digestive system. When the lungs are formed in the fetus, they are filled with amniotic fluid, so the lungs are not functional, i.e. they are not breathing through them, and blood is removed from the lungs during the fetal period through the arterial duct and at birth the air passes through the lungs and the ductus closes, then the lungs can breathe . The development of the lungs is not completely complete until the early stages of childhood.

The lungs are located in the chest on each side of the heart within the rib cage. The lung has a conical shape and has a narrow, rounded top at the top and a wide concave base located above the convex surface of the diaphragm. The apex of the lung extends to the root of the neck, reaching just above the level of the sternal end of the first rib. The lungs extend from the proximity of the spine at the back to the front of the chest in front and from the bottom of the trachea at the top to the diaphragm at the bottom. The left lung shares a space with the heart, and at its edge has a furrow (or groove) called the left notch of the left lung, which is a relief in the edge of the left lung that corresponds to the heart. The front and outer surfaces of the lungs face the ribs, leaving light relief (impressions) of the ribs, while the medial surfaces of the lungs face the heart, large vessels, and cavities (the location of the trachea split into two major reeds). The so-called cardiac impression is a terrain formed on the surfaces of the lungs facing the heart.

Both lungs have a central atelectasis called the navel at the root of the lung, where blood vessels and airways enter the lungs. There are bronchopulmonary lymph nodes on the navel.

The lungs are surrounded by the pulmonary pleura, which are two layers of the serous membranes, the outer parietal pleura lining the inner wall of the chest and the internal visceral pleura directly covers the lung surfaces. Between the two layers of the pleura there is a space called a pleural cavity. This cavity contains a thin liquid called the pleural fluid. Each lung is divided into lobes by fissure folds of the pleura. Cracks are double folds of pleura that cut off the lung and help expand the lungs.

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